The College of Geosciences has four academic departments: Atmospheric Sciences, Geography, Geology & Geophysics, and Oceanography, and has an Environmental Program in Geosciences.

Atmospheric Sciences are the sciences of the atmosphere, weather and climate which are so important to human activities and life on this planet.

Geography involves human interactions with the environments—physical, biological and cultural. As an interdisciplinary field, it requires knowledge from the other geosciences as well as from the social and biological sciences.

Geology deals with the processes and forces acting at the surface and within the earth; with the materials of the earth, its forms and structures; and with the history of its development and the evolution of life on its surface and in its waters.

Geophysics deals primarily with the physics of the solid earth from the measurement and understanding of its internal structure and physical properties, plate motions and their effect on continents and ocean basins, to the detection of its natural resources through remote sensing.

Oceanography is the study of the marine environment and its inhabitants. The distribution and nature of marine life, the development of ocean basins, the chemistry of ocean waters and the dynamics of the water masses of the sea are the major elements of oceanography.

The College of Geosciences has 108 tenured and tenure-track faculty, 24 research scientists, 3 research faculty, and approximately 6 lecturers and visiting faculty. There are 489 undergraduate and 265 graduate students enrolled in the College.

The College of Geosciences is:

• A comprehensive university program in geoscience education, research and service.
• A blend of academic departments in Earth, ocean, and atmospheric sciences, addressing the intimate relationship between people and earth systems.
• A major contributor to the next generation of geoscience professionals, through its undergraduate and graduate student programs.
• The home of several major research institutes and centers, including: Center for Tectonophysics, the Geochemical and Environmental Research Group, and Texas Center for Climate Studies.
• One of the largest College research programs in the Texas A&M system.
• The science operator for the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program.
• A service to marine economy of Texas and the Gulf Coast through the Sea Grant Program.
• A developer of new partnerships with other universities, government agencies, and private corporations in joint ventures and outreach opportunities.
• A major partner with Texas A&M's coastal campus at Galveston.
• A partner with other Texas A&M Colleges and Departments sharing a geoscience mission.
• A key element of Texas A&M's Land Grant, Sea Grant, and Space Grant missions.